Tag Archives: political history

The Rarity of Endurance: Regime Longevity, the 250-Year Threshold, and the Barriers to Institutional Permanence: A White Paper

Abstract On the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of American independence, this paper examines a claim easy to assert and hard to defend: that the United States has “lasted 250 years,” and that such longevity is exceptional. Both halves of … Continue reading

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The Seniority Crisis of 1861: Jefferson Davis, Joseph E. Johnston, and the Origins of Confederate Command Estrangement

Abstract In late August 1861 President Jefferson Davis submitted to the Confederate Congress the names of five officers for appointment to the grade of full general, fixing their relative seniority in an order that placed Joseph E. Johnston fourth. Johnston, … Continue reading

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Paper 8 — The Adjacent Machinery: Conflicts of Interest, the Revolving Door, Gifts, Disclosure, and Blind Trusts

The constitutional clause and its statutory family The emoluments clauses do not stand alone. They are the oldest and highest members of a large family of controls against officeholder self-dealing, a family that grew over two centuries from two constitutional … Continue reading

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Paper 3 — The Word in Constitutional Law: Doctrine, Advisory Opinion, and the Absence of a Holding

A constitutional provision without a constitutional law The previous paper read the emoluments clauses at full textual strength and reconstructed the anti-dependence theory they encode. This paper asks a different question: what has the legal system actually made of that … Continue reading

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Paper 2 — The Constitutional Text: Foreign and Domestic Emoluments and the Anti-Dependence Architecture

The text as the prohibition’s strongest ground If the emoluments regime is anywhere at its most formidable, it is on the page. The clauses are short, declarative, and categorical; they do not hedge, balance, or invite the weighing of interests. … Continue reading

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Crisis of Legitimacy: The UK Labour Government After the 2026 Local Election Collapse

The severe losses suffered by the governing Labour Party in the 2026 local elections have produced the most serious internal crisis of the premiership of Keir Starmer. Although Labour still possesses a commanding parliamentary majority won in the 2024 general … Continue reading

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Iran: The Archetype of the Imperial Plateau State

Abstract This paper examines Iran as the most fully developed historical exemplar of the imperial plateau state model, tracing the recurring cycle of plateau consolidation, imperial expansion, political collapse, and plateau reunification across five major imperial formations: the Median, Achaemenid, … Continue reading

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A Legal Taxonomy of Security Carve-Out Instruments

Security carve-outs do not arise randomly. They recur through a limited set of legal instruments, each optimized to preserve strategic control while minimizing overt violations of sovereignty norms. What follows is a functional taxonomy rather than a formalist one. 1. … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Political Ontology of the Ekklesia: Election, Assembly, and the Unavoidable Public Character of the Church

Executive Summary Contemporary Christian discourse often treats the Church as a private, devotional, or purely spiritual association. Yet the primary New Testament term for the Church—ekklesia—derives from the political vocabulary of the Greek polis and denotes a formally summoned civic … Continue reading

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After Theocracy: Structural Tensions and State-Building Challenges for a Post-Mullah Iranian Government: White Paper on Legitimacy, Governance, and Institutional Reconstruction

Executive Summary Any post-mullah Iranian government would inherit not merely a change in leadership, but a deeply layered institutional ecosystem shaped by four decades of theocratic governance, sanctions, patronage networks, parallel security structures, and legitimacy narratives grounded in religious authority. … Continue reading

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