Tag Archives: travel

White paper: How Czech Beads and Belgian Rifles Reached Chadron, Nebraska—and from there the Plains tribes—in the 19th century

Executive summary In the 19th century, “trade goods” moved on a long, predictable conveyor belt: European manufacture → Atlantic shipping to U.S. ports → U.S. wholesale hubs → interior transport by river/road/rail → frontier posts and agency towns → Indigenous … Continue reading

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White Paper: Political Speech as a Border Issue: Which nations restrict entry based on political speech, how it works, and who should care

Executive summary Many countries can (and sometimes do) deny entry, cancel visas, or remove visitors when officials conclude that a person’s speech, associations, or political activities create a security/public order/foreign policy risk. In liberal democracies this tends to be narrowly … Continue reading

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White Paper: Why Flood Conditions Are Present in the Portland Area and Expected to Persist for Several Days

Focus region: Portland–Vancouver metropolitan area, Willamette and lower Columbia basins Date: December 9, 2025 1. Executive Summary Since December 8–9, 2025, the Portland metropolitan area has been experiencing significant flooding and flooding-related impacts driven by a prolonged, warm atmospheric river … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Political Causes of Split Highway Numbers and the Consequences of Primary, Secondary, and Split Road Labels

Executive Summary Highway numbering is often assumed to be a neutral technical exercise, but in practice it is a deeply political process. Split numbers—instances where a single route number is assigned to two or more discontinuous or parallel branches—arise from … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Problem of Shifting Delivery and Departure Time Estimates on Customer Satisfaction in Logistics and Transportation Companies

Executive Summary Accurate and stable delivery and departure time estimates have become a cornerstone of modern logistics, e-commerce, and mobility services. Customers increasingly expect real-time information, narrow arrival windows, and minimal disruptions to their schedules. However, many logistics and transportation … Continue reading

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Policy Brief: Aligning Academic Scheduling and Athletic Program Commitments to Prevent Cross-Purpose Conflicts

Executive Summary Universities increasingly recognize that student-athletes face dual commitments—to academic progress and to athletic participation. However, institutional scheduling practices can unintentionally force coaches, athletes, and academic units into conflict: course times may overlap with mandatory practices; travel schedules may … Continue reading

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White Paper: Drivers of Zephyrhills’ Growth and Its Expansion Prospects

1. Executive Summary Zephyrhills, in eastern Pasco County, has shifted from a small, largely seasonal retirement town into one of the faster-growing small cities in Florida. Between roughly 2000 and 2023, its population grew from about 11,000 to more than … Continue reading

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White Paper: Improving General Aviation Training to Reduce Unstable Approaches in High-Performance Aircraft

Executive Summary Unstable approaches in high-performance general aviation (GA) aircraft—fast pistons, high-performance singles, turboprops, and light business jets—remain a major precursor to stalls, runway excursions, and other serious incidents. Data from airlines and business aviation show that approach and landing … Continue reading

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White Paper: Why Destination Airports Are Easier to Enjoy Than Transfer Airports—and What Makes a Transfer Airport Traveler-Friendly

Executive Summary Destination airports—those airports where travelers conclude their flight journey—tend to be perceived as more pleasant, intuitive, and stress-free than transfer airports, where passengers must navigate short layovers, multiple terminals, tight schedules, and operational uncertainty. This white paper analyzes … Continue reading

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White Paper: Regional Development Strategies to Prevent Rural Depopulation and the Formation of Oversized Primate Cities

Executive Summary Many countries today face a dual crisis: rural depopulation on one hand and the unchecked growth of a single oversized metropolis on the other. These trends reinforce each other: as rural regions lose jobs, services, and social capital, … Continue reading

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