Category Archives: Military History

A Republic Reoriented: What If Publius Rutilius Lupus Survived the Social War and Marius Never Returned to Power? A Counterfactual Historical Essay

Introduction: A Pivotal Decade of Roman Instability Few periods in Roman history were as structurally fragile as the decade spanning the Social War (91–88 BCE), the rise of Sulla, and the blood-soaked Marian reprisals of 87–86 BCE. The conflict, which … Continue reading

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White Paper: Potential Punishments for Veterans Who Advocate Sedition Against Proper Military Authorities

Executive Summary This white paper examines the legal, ethical, and institutional frameworks governing how a veteran—no longer on active duty but still bound by certain federal statutes—may be punished for advocating sedition against legitimate military authority. It reviews applicable U.S. … Continue reading

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White Paper: A Potential Framework For A Peace Deal In Sudan

1. Executive Summary Sudan’s war between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has become one of the world’s worst humanitarian catastrophes: more than 11–13 million people displaced and over 30 million in need of aid, … Continue reading

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White Paper: Veterans Day and Remembrance Day: A Comparative Analysis of Meaning and Observance

Executive Summary Veterans Day (United States) and Remembrance Day (Commonwealth nations) both trace their origins to the end of World War I and share the common purpose of honoring military service. However, they differ in scope, tone, and national expression. … Continue reading

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Romania’s Strategic Role in World War I: A Scholarly White Paper

Executive Summary Romania’s participation in World War I (1914–1918) was shaped by a complex interplay of geography, national aspiration, and alliance diplomacy. Although initially neutral, Romania entered the war in August 1916 on the side of the Entente Powers, seeking … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Course and Origins of Civil Disorder in Mozambique

Executive summary Mozambique’s recurring civil disorder since independence in 1975 unfolds in three interlinked arcs: (1) a Cold War–era civil war (1977–1992) driven by external sponsorship and domestic governance missteps; (2) a post-2013 relapse of FRELIMO–RENAMO tensions resolved with the … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Biblicist View of Self-Defense and Military Service: Grounds for Conscientious Objection and the Call to Spiritual Warfare

Executive Summary This white paper presents a biblicist analysis of the moral, theological, and practical dimensions of self-defense and military service. It explores how believers reconcile the defense of life and property with Christ’s call to love enemies, and how … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Military and Political History of the Social War (91–87 BCE)

Executive Summary The Social War (Latin: Bellum Sociale or Bellum Italicum, 91–87 BCE) was a watershed in the history of the late Roman Republic. Though it began as a rebellion by Rome’s Italian allies (socii) seeking citizenship and political equality, … Continue reading

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White Paper: Sudan’s Civil War (2023–present): Tactical & Strategic Assessment, Scenarios, and the Likelihood of Victory or Partition

Executive summary Sudan’s war between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF, led by Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF, led by Mohamed “Hemedti” Dagalo) has hardened into a multi-front conflict with heavy foreign involvement, catastrophic humanitarian conditions, … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Political and Military History of Epirus

I. Introduction Epirus, a rugged and mountainous region straddling the modern borders of northwestern Greece and southern Albania, has played a complex and often underappreciated role in the ancient and medieval history of the Balkans. Its story is one of … Continue reading

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