Mysteries Of The Bible: Where Can The Sons Of Jonadab Be Found Today?

The family of Jonadab, part of the Kenites who were descended from the Midianite tribes related by marriage to Moses and descendants of Jethro, are a fairly obscure family in the Bible who show up a few times as important people in their own right [1]. This family, specifically, is referred to in 2 Kings 10 as being allies of Jehu in his attempts to wipe out Baal worship from Israel after the cosmopolitan decadence of the House of Omri, and later referred to in Jeremiah 35 for their filial duty in honoring the ascetic commandments of their fathers to avoid planting vineyards or settling in homes but to remain dwelling in tents all the days of their lives. For their obedience, in the midst of the massive disobedience of Judah as the Babylonian captivity neared, this family was promised the blessing that they would never lack a male to stand before God forever. Given the immense magnitutde of this blessing, the question naturally follows: how can we demonstrate that this blessing has been fulfilled to this day?

Within the last two years or so, my posts on the blessings of God promised to the Rechabites have been among the post popular posts that I have written, even though among the wider population the blessings promised to this family are a matter of considerable obscurity. Nevertheless, as the question: “Where are the Rechabites today?” is a common one that leads people from search engines to this blog, and is a question that has even been asked to me directly by readers of Edge Induced Cohesion, it is worthwhile to consider this question and figure out how it may be answered. I must admit that as of the time of this writing I do not know the answer to this obvious question, but having been asked and not knowing, my native instincts are to figure out the answer, as the answer would be a concrete demonstration of the blessings of God and of His faithfulness to promises throughout human history. Although the promises given to Rechab may seem a small thing, as Titus 1:2 says that as God cannot lie, therefore He will faithfully fulfill His promises, the ability to verify that this promise has been kept to the present day would be itself a strong argument as to the faithfulness of God in fulfilling specific promises, and that is a matter of importance even if the Rechabites themselves are far more obscure than most of the peoples discussed in scripture.

How would one go about demonstrating the survival of the Rechabites to the present day? For one, their status as allies of Jeremiah would indicate that after the conquest of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 587/586BC they were allowed to go where they wished, free of depredations, and they would likely have remained in the area of Judea or Samaria where they had spent the last several hundred years from the time of Moses and Joshua, given that the Rechabites were, far more than most people are, a people with a deep tie to their ancestral traditions even if they remained sojourners who dwelt in tents all of their days. Nomads are not generally most known for their literary culture [2], but if they remained as God-worshippers in alliance with the people of Judea, they would likely have remained not far from either the provincial capital of Mizpeh in the area of Benjamin or the area between Bethlehem and Ramat Rahel, both areas that remained settled by Judeans even after the Babylonian conquest, if not further south towards the areas where the Arabs and Iduemans invaded from this time. Although the history of the promised land has been particularly tumultuous, and there is no record of godly nomadic tribes during the time of the apostles and the early Church of God, at least none that I am aware of, how to trace the existence of this particular tribe of godly Bedouin to this day is not an easy matter, but the tribe of the Rechabites would most likely be found among the Bedouin loyal to the nation of Israel who dwell within its present borders, and investigating the oral traditions of these tribes would the most obvious place to look to see if the historical memory of Rechab and Jonadab has been kept alive among their own people.

There are at least a few aspects that may be investigated to determine the survival of the Rechabites. Oral history would be one obvious trail to follow. If it was possible to determine a DNA profile of the Rechabites, then their survival could be demonstrated using genetic genealogy techniques. Likewise, the survival of the traditions commanded by Jonadab for his descendants would be an indication that his example was still being followed nearly 3000 years after he commanded his descendants never to sow crops, grow vineyards, or build houses. Such a research technique would, at present, involve careful efforts at capturing the oral and written history of the Israelite Bedouin, and also engage in population studies that attempt to demonstrate the continuity of occupation of certain tribes within certain lands. This would be a fair amount of work, but if such a historical mystery was to be merely part of a larger desire to record the history and background of peoples whose nomadic ways tend to leave them in the shadows as far as historical records are concerned, except for their fleeting glimpses in the Bible and other texts, it is possible that a better understanding of the background of various Israeli Bedouin could help unravel the mystery of the survival of the Rechabites to this day. Such work, though, remains to be done.

[1] See, for example:

https://edgeinducedcohesion.wordpress.com/2012/04/28/jonadab-the-son-of-rechab-shall-not-lack-a-man-to-stand-before-me-forever/

https://edgeinducedcohesion.wordpress.com/2012/02/26/jeremiah-354-the-sons-of-korah-help-stage-a-prophetic-test/

Looking Through My Window

[2] See, for example:

https://edgeinducedcohesion.wordpress.com/2014/01/09/the-accidental-traveling-librarian-or-the-material-culture-of-nomads/

Unknown's avatar

About nathanalbright

I'm a person with diverse interests who loves to read. If you want to know something about me, just ask.
This entry was posted in Bible, Biblical History, Christianity, Church of God, History, Musings and tagged , , , . Bookmark the permalink.

66 Responses to Mysteries Of The Bible: Where Can The Sons Of Jonadab Be Found Today?

  1. Pingback: You Won’t Find The Answers Until You First Have Questions | Edge Induced Cohesion

  2. Pingback: Excuse Me, Sir, But There Has Been An Imputation In Your Account | Edge Induced Cohesion

  3. Pingback: Mysteries Of The Bible: The Mysterious Case Of Saul’s Séance For Samuel The Shade | Edge Induced Cohesion

  4. Pingback: Audiobook Review: Great Courses: Discovering Your Roots | Edge Induced Cohesion

  5. Pingback: Book Review: Who Do You Think You Are? | Edge Induced Cohesion

  6. Pingback: Mysteries Of The Bible: Does Isaiah 66:24 Speak Of Immortal Worms? | Edge Induced Cohesion

  7. Pingback: On Avoiding Endless Genealogies | Edge Induced Cohesion

  8. Pingback: Mysteries Of The Bible: What Did Jesus Do During The Forty Days Between The Resurrection And The Ascension? | Edge Induced Cohesion

  9. Gabriel Peixoto Franca's avatar Gabriel Peixoto Franca says:

    Joseph Wolff found descendents of them living the same way, during his travels through Yemen; it is recorded in his missionary journals found online at archive.org

    Like

  10. Gabriel Peixoto Franca's avatar Gabriel Peixoto Franca says:

    Hi! I’m so glad I found your comment! I did some research. In “Travels and adventures of the Rev. Joseph Wolff”, p. 508, it says that “Thus Wolff spent six days with the children of Rechab.
    They drink no wine, and plant no vineyards, and sow no seed, and live in tents, and remember good old Jonadab, the son of Rechab.”
    Link to the book: https://archive.org/details/travelsadventure00wolfuoft

    Like

  11. Anthony Mitchell's avatar Anthony Mitchell says:

    Modern rekabites. I believe all your modern gypsies today. There’s no other people on the face of this Earth. That is spread around the world to the end of the lands. That still live in tent s. The modern motorhomes trailers . The gypsies don’t own homes. Lands. Vine yards Jeremiah chapter 35. Read it for yourself.Godbless.

    Like

  12. Regarding the Roma, or Gypsies, as candidates for fulfillment of God’s promise to the Rechabites: They appeared in the Persian Empire not long after the Semitics would have been left there from the Captivity. Their source was Keturah, an Egyptian (see Josephus) who produced by Abraham Midian, Ziporah, Jael, Rechab, Jonadab, etc The ancient Gypsy legal system is saturated with detailed similarities to the laws of Abraham and Moses, that bear no resemblance to Indian code and custom. The Gypsy word for God is Del, so similar to the Hebrew El. They still celebrate the “Blessing of Abraham” and “Black Sarah” (Keturah). We are conversant with the Gypsies in India, who are regarded by the Indians, after more than two millenia, as “different folks from someplace else”, with distinct language, dress, culture, law, etc. Two historical mysteries: “Where did the Rechabites go to?” and “Where did the Roma come from?” both answer each other quite nicely. Plus, there is the enduring similarity between Gypsy life today, and Jonadab’s commands. Have you ever met a Gypsy farmer? The obvious conclusion is dismissed simply because the Rechabites are historically esteemed, and the Gypsies are presently despised.

    Like

    • Speaking personally, I have never considered the matter of being settled as opposed to being nomadic to be sufficient a reason for that people’s long-term bad reputation. Those are very interesting similarities, although I would have to become far more familiar with ancient (and contemporary) Roma understanding to discuss the matter at any kind of length.

      Like

    • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

      Kenites were descent from SHASU peolpe from Seir or Moab , Shasu descent from Rak-Shasas from India,they were BRAHMINS.

      Like

  13. We have been doing that research, particularly in regard to the compelling and broad parallels between ancient Roma law and ancient Hebrew law, such as both have been preserved. It is not explainable as what one might expect from the behavior commonalities of human culture and custom, (i.e. “do not murder”) but is far more specific. Roma law closely mirrors Hebrew law in nuances of marriage, cleanness, ritual, theism, in ways alien to that of the surrounding Hindus. This lends itself to the theory that the Rechabites persevered intact into the Persian/Indus valley mist, following the Captivity. Certain poor folks were indeed left in Palestine by the Babylonians, but it would not have been the Rechabites, as it was specifically to maintain vineyards, which Jonadab’s descendants were to eschew. One more important point, wherein faith and science intersect on this subject: Even accounting for exceptional historical variances, anthropological science notes the following: Once a people group, (defined by language, culture, geographic home, religion and evident physical appearance) is uprooted and scattered worldwide, they only last two to four generations as that people group. The only two exceptions are the Jews and the Roma, which both maintain contemporary identities, intact and unbroken over 2,000 years. The Jews preservation might be partly explained by their book and religion. But, the Roma have been illiterate, enslaved, and scattered everywhere, with nothing to hold onto except themselves. It defies anthropological precedent and prediction. Both groups have in common a unique promise from God, they they will forever endure as a recognizable people. Also, they are both notable as facing persistent campaigns to make them disappear. Yet, here they are. If the promise of God is to be regarded, then the Rechabites must be somewhere today. We find no other viable candidate.

    Like

    • I am working on doing some research on the Roma people, but I am not aware of any texts that seriously deal with the legal corpus of the Roma. Perhaps you would be able to point me in the right direction as far as that goes. If the Roma are indeed part of the descendants of the Rechabites, then it would be fairly easy to understand why they would attract so much hatred apart from their nomadic ways, namely the way that human regimes tend to have a great deal of hatred for those peoples who are the recipients of divine promises and blessings.

      Like

      • A detailed book we employ is the 284 page book, “Gypsy Law; Romani Legal Traditions and Culture”, edited by Walter O. Weyrauch. Also, the site, http://www.imninalu.net/Roma.htm will get you to “Myths, Hypotheses and Facts; The true Origin of Roma and Sinti”, and well as a link to the excellent “Comparison of Romany Law with Israelite Law and Indo-Aryan Traditions” , which gets to the heart of the matter. Another document is,”Using Oral Histories and Customs of the Kosovo Roma as a Guide to their Origins”, by Paul Polansky, chapter three. An additional direct source we have is our twenty years of sojourning in remote Indian villages, relating to our charitable work. ( I have been there so many times, I no longer count my journeys.) Theresa and I have, during those visits, become conversant with Banjaras, as well as the Hindus around them. It has become clear from theirs elucidations, that the Gyspies are not originally Indian, but are plainly regarded as from someplace else. Despite over two millennia, they have variant language, customs, theology, law and appearance. Also, eye, hair and countenance variations among the Rom do not reflect those of the more homogeneous Hindus, in our observations. Banjaras near Jaipur we visited last December had recently been offered houses by the government, but they eschewed them, only putting their animals in them, as they camped outside in “Abrahamic” tents. Rechabites, or coincidence? Human descent is riddled with wonderful mysteries. For example: did Welsh Prince Madoc’s, colonists sail to North America and morph into the two doomed Mandan villages that hosted Lewis and Clark? What makes the Rechabites unique in this regard is that they were clearly promised by God that they would endure as a people, in a manner that would be recognizable beyond the ubiquitous cauldron of human DNA that carries the traces of human history. For that promise to mean something, there must be a way for us to observe the promise kept. We have no compulsion to search for modern representatives of Madoc’s colonists. But, we are constrained to search out where the Rechabites are today….. unless we are of those who try so hard to view us all as purposeless accidents of nature, bereft of spiritual meaning or destiny.

        Like

      • There is a great deal of interest that people have in uncovering the identity of the Rechabites, precisely because of that divine promise that they would endure as a people. The fact that they were given that promise for following the commands of their father would likely give them all the more encouragement to continue following those commandments in generations ahead, long after they exit the pages of scripture.

        Like

      • We are persuaded that the Roma are the Rechabites, but we doubt it would ever be proven for certain, scientifically or legally. Really, there is no need for that, any more than there is a need to scientifically prove the resurrection. Still, it serves very well to lift the Gypsies above their typical marginalized status and mindset, by simply reading to them the 35th chapter of Jeremiah, presenting them with the persuasion that the promise quite entirely explains them, then introducing them to many other “great and precious promises” in the same Book, and thereby greatly enlarging and ennobling their world, by showing them their ancient and enduring destiny in the heart, mind and purposes of God. It can be personally inspirational, like some hapless orphan discovering he is a long-lost prince. We have done so, with Gypsies in Romania and North India, and will continue to do so.

        Like

      • That’s good to hear; there are many communities of Roma around the world, so hopefully they can find encouragement in the promises of Jeremiah and the rest of the scriptures.

        Like

    • Joel Onigbinde's avatar Joel Onigbinde says:

      If we’re to accept the above synopsis, wouldn’t there be an oral recollection passed down through generations?

      Like

  14. Don hill's avatar Don hill says:

    In my daily scripture I was struck by God’s promise to Recabites. I recall their story before but today it made me wonder where they might be now. Hmm looks like I’m not the only one curious to know. Edward Mack referred to a group in Yemen back in 1839 that claimed to be decendants of Recab.

    Like

  15. Raymond Davidson's avatar Raymond Davidson says:

    My mother (many years ago)made it known to me that my father’s family were Rachabites..they lived in the Grampian part of Aberdeenshire…family name Davidson….
    I would haved to have known about them but the second world war meant my father was not home till 1946 .,.
    Raymond Davidson
    Scottish Borders

    Like

  16. ed acuff's avatar ed acuff says:

    In 2010 I had dinner in Khartoum with a man his friends called Jon, who said he was a Rechabite.He was very charismatic and used stories in his teaching. It wasn’t until later that I learned the history of the Rechabs and the biblical promise.

    Like

  17. oron61's avatar oron61 says:

    Spiritually, Rechabites are everywhere today. Radical Anabaptists who wear plaindress, Hussites and some non-Papist Catholics whose clergy are sworn to poverty, Dulcinians, Adamites… If they are saved and stay faithful to Christ as well as their traditions beneath Christ, they will not lose their reward.

    Like

    • Do you mean by Adamites the same thing I understand or something different? So long as the traditions of man do not contradict the laws of God….

      Like

      • oron61's avatar oron61 says:

        I think so, yeah. Simple-living, forest-gardeners, nudists? I don’t think that’s inherently bad.
        Many isolated peoples went topless, but saw hand-holding or the briefest kiss in public as an indecent act worthy of punishment. Nudism is not a far stretch from that if they take the right attitude. Big “if.”

        The crime of “exposing someone’s nudity” in the Bible is a very, very, VERY sterilized euphemism. Ham didn’t just walk in and glance at his parents’ naked bodies; that would be ridiculous. Why do you think Canaan was the one Noah cursed?

        But nevertheless, it might be inherently wrong, but I just think it’s stupid, not wrong. I’m not gonna defend it more than I have since I’m not a nudist myself.

        Like

      • I disagree with you but this isn’t the time or place for that kind of discussion. I simply wondered if you meant what I was thinking and you did.

        Like

  18. Kurt's avatar Kurt says:

    I came here to learn more about hem no because they dwelt in tents, or did not so seed, but because they were instructed to not drink alcohol. Im looking for information about people who don’t drink alcohol thought out history and why.

    Like

    • That’s a good reason to get to know about them. In the case of the Sons of Jonadab, they were instructed not to drink alcohol, but at least as far as I know in the Bible itself no reason is given. If I find a midrash with more information I will comment on it, though.

      Like

  19. pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

    Samath (Hamath)Shasu (Kenite)Yh the students of MELCHIZEDEK . Shasu or Shasas were Indo Aryan peolpe from India ,they were known in India as Rak-shasas or SHASAS. They were followers of god Shiva (Chemosh) the destroyer. Some of them were convert to Melchizedek teaching. Rechabites Kenites descent from them . Rechabites descent from Heber brother of Ziporah and that the reason why Rechabites carried south Indian Haplogroup H1a-M82. Rak -Shasas were Aryans Brahmins but they were mixed with Abhiras (Apiras, Apiru) . The Abhiras were Dravidians KUSHITE clan from Sumeria (Chaldea) which emigrate to India and join Rak Shasu. KENTITES were only clan in Israel who followed Melchizedek concept .They were known as Melchizedekians or Rechabites.

    The Melchisedechians, also known as Athingani (αθίγγανοι athinganoi “intangibles”) were a 9th-century sect of Monarchians located in Phrygia, founded by Theodotus the banker.

    Another quite distinct sect or party is refuted by Marcus Eremita, who seems to have been a disciple of St. John Chrysostom. His book Eis ton Melchisedek, or according to Photius “Against the Melchisedekites” [1], speaks of these new teachers as making Melchisedech an incarnation of the Logos (divine Word). They were anathematized by the bishops, but would not cease to preach. They seem to have been otherwise orthodox. St. Jerome (Ep. 73) refutes an anonymous work which identified Melchisedech with the Holy Ghost. About A.D. 600, Timotheus, Presbyter of Constantinople, in his book De receptione Haereticorum [2] adds at the end of his list of heretics who need rebaptism the Melchisedechians, “now called Athingani“.

    Rechabites or Melchizedekians were one of members of Qumran community. Qumran community was destroyed by Romans in 5-6th century and many of Qumran peolpe emigrated to Phrygia the Amorium city. They were known as Melchizedekians latter as Athinganoi or Adsingani (Cigani). We done some project on dna of Roma Gypsies,the results came up Levite (Aron) , south India. Some of Roma for example from Serbia their DMA came up with Haplogroup Eb1b1 which came from Philistines. That’s was more than 50% . English and Ireland Gypsies came up Brahmin dna 70% (Which came from ASSURAS they came to CANNAN with Shasass from India). Slovakian Roma H1a-M82 -40% which came from Kenites Shasu the Indo Aryans .the second Haplogroup was J2 16% that came from Phoenicians, and Eb1b1 -21% thats from Philistines.

    Like

  20. pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

    They were known as Melchizedekians latter as Athinganoi or Adsingani (Cigani). We done some project on dna of Roma Gypsies,the results came up Levite (Aron) , south India. Some of Roma for example from Serbia their DMA came up with Haplogroup Eb1b1 which came from Philistines. That’s was more than 50% . English and Ireland Gypsies came up Brahmin dna 70% (Which came from ASSURAS they came to CANNAN with Shasass from India). Slovakian Roma H1a-M82 -40% which came from Kenites Shasu the Indo Aryans .the second Haplogroup was J2 16% that came from Phoenicians, and Eb1b1 -21% thats from Philistines. Many of Roma GYPSIES also have Aron dna becosuse Rechabites mixed so much with Levites.

    Like

  21. Qain's avatar Qain says:

    https://www.yfull.com/tree/T-Y28685/
    Here is a haplogroup with only representatives of hebrew Judah tribe and arabic Kindah tribe. Qenites were semi-nomadic proto-arabs and smiths living close to Judah.

    Liked by 1 person

    • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

      Kenites descent from SHASU- PEOLPE from India also Apiru or Abiru Abhiras poelpe from India

      Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        The Recabites were the descendants of the Kenites, weren’t the Kenites the descendants of APIRU -Shasas? were not the Canaanite APIRUs identified as the Abhiru or Abhiras of India? Weren’t the Abhiras the Kushites of the Dravidas? Isn’t Roma haplogroup dna H1a- M82 specific to Dravidians? Make some research!

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Hittie -Hurrian empire wasn’t this peolpe from Moab? If yes how that’s possible they worshiped Hindu god like Varuna , Indra ,Mirtha etc????? Moabite god Chemosh also knows as god destroyer, wasn’t god Shiva of ABHIRAS and Rak-Shasas also known as Destroyer? Rak mean Anak or Giant. Wasn’t Anaks rullers of ancient Cannan?

        Like

  22. pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

    Archaeology from Hittie empire proves of presence of Hindu Aryans in middle East.

    Like

    • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

      In the days of Amos, Hamath was still the principal city of Upper Syria, as it had been in the time of the Exodus. The Hamathites are designated as those who enter into Israel’s possessions. The Samaritans or Cutheans can be shown to have been, at least, a race cognate to the Hamathites, or Rechabites, if not identical with them. We may therefore assume, that the affliction, the wound, or breach, of Joseph,’ that is, of one of the tribes repre- senting the Kenite branch among the Israelites, was some- what connected with the exclusive and domineering principles of the Hebrew branch, ruling on Zion as well

      Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Cutheans we’re Kasdim Chaldeans

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Who we’re Chaldeans?

        Seek for the Lost Word among the hierophants of Tartary, China and Tibet. The Aryan Chaldeo-Tibetan Wisdom-Religion and the trans- Himalayan Esoteric Doctrine are one and the same. The Chaldeans were a hieratic caste of Hindu-Brahmans, now called Aryans; their vernacular language was the Sanskrit of the Vedas; they instruct- ed the Babylonians in the Mysteries and taught them the sacerdo- tal or Mystery-language which, even today, is used by Hindu fa- kirs and initiated Brahmans in their magical evocations. Following the Christian dogmas seriatim, if we concentrate our attention upon one

        Like

  23. pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

    Halafta or Rabbi Halafta (רבי חלפתא) was a rabbi who lived in Sepphoris in the Galilee during the late 1st and early 2nd centuries CE (second generation of tannaim). He was the father of Jose ben Halafta, and one of the latter’s teachers of halakha. He is always cited without patronymic or cognomen, with the possible exception of a reference to “Rabbi Halafta ben Kunia (or K’vina)” in Tosefta Makshirin 3:2.

    His descent is traced back to Jonadab the Rechabite.[1] He was a senior contemporary of Gamaliel II and Johanan ben Nuri[2] and conducted a rabbinic school at Sepphoris. Here he introduced some ritual reforms.[3]

    Tradition relates that, together with Hananiah ben Teradion and Eleazar ben Mattai, he saw the monuments which Joshua had placed in the Jordan River.[4]

    Ḥalafta seems to have attained an advanced age. He communicated to Gamaliel II an order given by his grandfather Gamaliel I, and which he had himself heard in the last years of Judea’s independence;[5] he subsequently participated in the Akavia controversy,[6] and later he is met with in the company of Eleazar ben Azariah, Ḥuẓpit the interpreter, Yeshebab, and Johanan ben Nuri, when they were old.[7] But few halakhot are preserved in his name, and most of these were transmitted by his more famous son, R. Jose.[8]

    One of Jose’s sons was named Halafta after his grandfather, but he died young.

    Like

    • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

      As the links of Bengali with Canaanite shows, many of the problems can be traced to the much-abused blanket term “Semitic which is the cornerstone of Judaic scholarship. S. N. Kramer’s statement that the Semites were present in Iraq in the fourth millennium B.C. even before the Sumerians may be due to the arrival of the Amorites who were a mix of Semites and Indo-Europeans. The Jews are seen as Semites but the Sanskritist John Brough pointed to the existence of Dumëzilian tripartite ideology characteristic of the Indo-Europeans in the Old Testament. This is also demonstrated by the fact that Risbara of the Sanskrit texts corresponds to Resheph, a so-called Semitic god. Rama was an ‘Aryan’ par excellence of the Ikshvaku line who seems to be related to the so-called ‘Semite’ King Lamgi Mari who calls himself an Issakv. The links between Anatolia, in particular the Mari area, and India and Iran seems unfathomable. Mari was located near ancient ‘Barata which echoes the elusive toponym Bharata (India) and ancient Hinduism. Mithridates-1 (same as Chandragupta and Orontobates), who had Amorite links, was the Satrap of Pontus and ruled India. The same may have been true of Parnaka who may have been an early Mithradata. There are numerous other evidences including the symbolism of the three hares which link early Judaism with Buddhism and the East.

      Acknowledgments

      The author gratefully remembers the kind encouragement of the late Prof. T. C. Young Jr. of the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, from an early stage of the present work.

      Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Rim” in Sumerian means “ruler” and “Ramman” or “Rama” was the Amorite name of the god of thunder. “Sin” stood for the moon god in Akkadian and “Sana” was the god of thunderstorms in the Indus language. Before his accession to the throne of Larsa in Sumer, Ram-Sin’s brother Arad-Sin ruled for 12 years.

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        The Hindu Civilization But the major component of the Mesopotamian civilization was of Sumerian origin. Sumer was the southernmost part of the alluvial plains between the rivers Euphrates and Tigris and its inhabitants are believed to be the earliest people to have lived and prospered in this region. Akkad was the land in central Mesopotamia around modern Baghdad inhabited by a Semitic people known as the Akkadians. They had conquered the Sumerians for a time but had been beaten back. Ultimately, the Sumerians declined and were superceded by Amorites based in Babylone who came to be known as Babylonians. The Assyrians, originally from northern Mesopotamia, were to appear much later to drive the Amorites out of Babylon and carry on with the traditions of the Mesopotamian civilization. The Sumerians were, thus, not only the earliest known inhabitants of Mesopotamia but also the foundation – layers of what has come to be known as the Mesopotamian civilization. Thousands of clay tablets written upon in a cuneiform writing system buried deep under the ruins of ancient cities were of Sumerian origin. It is the Sumerians who invented the picture type writing system, which is the oldest known written language in the world, and which developed into the cuneiform writings of clay tablets. It is these clay tablets discovered in archaeological excavations in modern times which are the greatest source of knowledge about the Mesopotamian civilization. Thousands of inscriptions on clay tablets including hymns and prayers provide a clue to the religious and cultural life of Mesopotamia in the hoary past. Even when the Sumerians were superceded by the Amorite Babylonians as the ruling race, they preserved most of the Sumerian culture and Sumerian continued to be the language of religion and culture.

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        THE PEOPLES OF CANAAN.119in the neighbourhood of Kadesh of Naphtali (Judg. iv. 11). It would even appear from 1 Chr. ii. 55 that the Rechabites were of Kenite origin. The Kenites were, in fact, the gypsies and travelling tinkers of the old Oriental world. Some of the tribe had doubtless found their way into Palestine before the period of the Israelitish invasion. In an account of an Egyptian tourist’s adventures in that country in the time of Ramses II, special mention is made of the iron-smith who repaired the broken chariot of the traveller. The art of working iron was one which required peculiar skill and strength, and the secrets it in-volved were jealously preserved among certain nomad families. As culture advanced the art became more widely known and practised, the Kenites ceased to have the monopoly of the trade, and degenerated into mere nomads who refused to adopt a settled life. Their very name came to disappear, and their stronghold in the southern desert was wasted by the armies of Assyria.The Kenites, it will thus be seen, did not constitute a race, or even a tribe. They were, at most, a caste. But they had originally come, like the Israelites or the Edomites, from those barren regions of Northern Arabia which were peopled by the Menti of the Egyptian in-scriptions. Racially, therefore, we may regard them as allied to the descendants of Abraham.While the Kenites and Amalekites were thus Semitic in their origin, the Hivites or ‘Villagers’ are specially associated with Amorites. It may be that they repre-sent the mixed population of Amorites and Canaanites who lived in the immediate vicinity of the great Amorite stronghold. We hear of the Hivites under Mount Her-mon (Josh. xi. 3) ‘that dwelt in Mount Lebanon, from Mount Baal-Hermon unto the entering in of Hamath’

        https://books.google.co.uk

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Chapter 1

        Archaeological evidence of ancient civilizations, periods (dates), temples and settlements

        This first chapter identifies some archaeological and other findings that show the following: (1) Middle Eastern civilizations existed with temples of worship and their pantheon of deities, including deities with the same names as those of Hinduism, at least 2,000 years before the first evidence of temple worship in India; (ii) migration of Middle Eastern peoples (Aryans, Amorites, Hittites, Canaanites, etc.) into the Indus Valley (present-day Pakistan, northwestern India, and parts of Afghanistan); and (iii) that Sanskrit did not migrate north to the Middle East, as did Egyptian hieroglyphs, but that the opposite is true.

        1. Anatolia Gobekli Tepe (Turkey: 13000-8000 BC): “the oldest human settlement and place of worship discovered to date.
        2. Mesopotamia (Sumer)
        3. The Ubaid Period (6500-3800 BCE): Upper Mesopotamia: absorbed the Halaf Period (6500-5500 BCE); evidence of 300 to thousands of different deities (https://www.antient.eu/Early Dynasic Period (Mesopotamia)/By Joshua J. Mark, October 2019) ii. Eridu (6500-3800 BCE): settlement (urban center) Temple-Zikkurat of Enki (https://thoughtco.com/eridu-iraq-earliest-city-in-Mesopotamia-170 802-text-Eridu is among the oldest, from Ubaid to late Uruk). iii. Sumerian Period (4500-2000 BCE): Sumerian Temples-Zikkurat 3400 BCE (https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-middle-east/sumer). iv. Uruk Period (4000-3100 BC): Upper Mesopotamia: settlement (urban center); there were two temples in Habuba Kabira. Tablet W 5233, a/VAT 15245: description at CDLI (https://web.archive.org/web/20110925035156/; https://www.cdii.ucla.edu/cdiisearch/index.php?SearchMode Browse&ResultCount=1&txtID_Txt-P000734). Algaze Guillermo, The Uruk World System: The Dynamics of the Civilizational Expansion of Early Mesopotamia (Chicago, London: The University of Chicago Press). in. Other Temple Periods: Elam (3300–539 BCE) Part of present-day western Iran, Proto-Elamite Period (3200–2700 BCE); Old Elamite period (2700-1500 BCE); Middle Period (1500-1100 BC); Neo Elamite period (1100-539 BCE); Attacked by the Kassites (1400-1210 BC) vi. Dynastic Temple (1150-1120 BCE): https://www.livius.org/articles/place/susa/susa-photos/susa-temple-of-the-sutrukids/vii. Amorites: in western Mesopotamia, northern Syria and Canaan (3000 BC). Nomadic People: There were no temples, but they absorbed the deities of the places they settled as well as the lands they conquered. They worshiped a pantheon of deities, but there is no evidence of a temple or sacrifices. (“Amorite (people),” Encyclopedia Britannica Online, Encyclopedia Britannica Inc., retrieved 30 November 2012) viii. Akkadian period (2334-2150 BC; replaced Sumerian period); Daughter of King Sargon Enheduann (2285-2250), high priestess of the temple of Inanna (Ishtar) in the city of Ur (https://www.ancient.eu/Early_Dynasic_Period (Mesopotamia)/ By Joshua J. Mark, October 2019). ix. Kassite (1500 BCE): From northern Iran: pantheon of deities (some names written in Sanskrit; C2007, last updated 08/18/2017, at pierreligion.org/kassite.html).
        4. Syria (and parts of eastern Turkey) Mitanni (Syria; 1500-1300 BC): Manual for horse training (some words written in Sanskrit). Mitanni peace treaty (1380 BC) with the names of Indra, Varuna, Mitra and Nasatya as witnesses. These are the names of Vedic deities Vedas and Deities in Hinduism. T. Burrow, “Proto Indo-Aryans” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, no. 2 (1973), p. 123-140 (Cambridge University Press), https://www.jstor.org/stable/25203451. P. Thieme, The Aryan Treaty Gods of Mitanni, JAOS. 60. 1960. 301-306. Sten Konow, The Aryan Gods of the Mitanni People (Christiania, 1921).
        5. Turkey
        6. Hittites and Hurrians (present-day Turkey): Old Kingdom, 1680-1500, Middle Kingdom 1500-1430, Empire 1430-1200. Total collapse around 1180 BC n. l. (Matthews, 2010). Weather deities with numerous temples. Temples at Hattusa (1300 BC)

        Like

    • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

      KENITES were Amorite origin, were known in India as Abhiras today as Bhill people or Maurya( Mari people – Amorites).

      Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        KENITES also related to Chaldeans / Chaldeans were Amorites mixed with Aramaeans.

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Sumerians were Hidnu Brahmanas from Anu tribe and his brother Druhyu. Druhyu descendants mixed with Abhiras (Amuru people became one nation in India). Amorites success inherent to Aryan pantheon and royal family of Brahmins. Their god was Shiva the destroyer also was worshiped in Chaldea as Nergal in Cannan (Moab) was known as Chemosh etc…

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Amorites worshiped god Rama or Ramman which indetified with moon god Řím-Sin or Sumerian moon god Anu from Brahmin family.

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Rama and his brothers ruled Sumer, Elam and the Indus-Saraswati cities. The strongest confirmation of Valmiki’s work comes from Sumerian history. Rim-Sin of Larsa (1823-1763 BC) and Warad-Sin (1834-1823 BC) appear to be none other than Rama and Bharata of Valmiki. Sin was the name of the moon-god of Sumer

        Like

      • pbajger123's avatar pbajger123 says:

        Amri culture founders of Harrapa and India civilisation, try found, if Amri have something to do with Amorites. Amorites known as Maurya or Maruti or Amara have very god recorded history in India. Amorites were Hindu. Yes they were semitic peolpe, but they were also founders of Hindu Civilisation. Brahmins or Ludians descent from Lud son of Shem they came to India latter, first peolpe in India were Amorites, HITTIES, Hurrians and Kushite Dravidians. Some of Brahmins join Amorite religion and mixed with them, they create Amara Devas. They were known as Ashuras. Amalekites were followers of Ashura. Ashuras descent from Varuna, Varuna was son of Brahma (Lud), Varuna could be Amalek son of Lud.

        Like

Leave a comment