Tag Archives: political history

White Paper: The Cultural and Social Status of Entertainers Throughout History

Executive Summary This white paper traces the evolution of entertainers’ status across civilizations—from ancient ritual performers and medieval minstrels to modern celebrities and influencers. The study examines the fluctuating social, economic, and moral valuations attached to entertainers, showing how each … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Political and Military History of Epirus

I. Introduction Epirus, a rugged and mountainous region straddling the modern borders of northwestern Greece and southern Albania, has played a complex and often underappreciated role in the ancient and medieval history of the Balkans. Its story is one of … Continue reading

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White Paper: Voting Rights Limitations for Non-Citizen Residents — A Comparative Legal Analysis

Executive Summary This white paper examines the general restrictions that nations impose on the voting rights of residents who hold foreign citizenship. While global migration and dual residency have created increasingly multicultural electorates, most sovereign states continue to reserve the … Continue reading

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White Paper: Nations of Negative Identity: A Typology and Analysis of Societal Harm

Executive Summary This white paper examines the phenomenon of negative national identity—when a nation defines itself primarily by opposition, resentment, or trauma rather than by a positive shared vision. Such identities often arise from colonization, defeat, victimization narratives, or ideological … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Nature and Typology of Intolerance as a Virtue Across Cultures and Worldviews

Abstract While “intolerance” is typically treated as a moral failing in modern liberal discourse, many societies and philosophical systems throughout history have regarded certain forms of intolerance as moral virtues—necessary for the preservation of order, purity, truth, or cohesion. This … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Fate of Old Roman Gentes in the Late Republic and Early Empire

Abstract This paper examines the transformation, decline, and survival of the ancient Roman gentes—the patrician and plebeian clans that dominated Roman politics, religion, and society during the Republic. It traces how economic, political, and social pressures in the last century … Continue reading

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White Paper: A Typology of Factors Distinguishing Zero-Sum and Win-Win Endeavors

Executive Summary This paper develops a typology of structural, moral, and systemic factors that allow observers, policymakers, and organizations to distinguish between zero-sum and win-win endeavors. Whereas zero-sum frameworks assume that one party’s gain necessitates another’s loss, win-win systems seek … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Typology of Looting and Profiteering in Wartime and Its Role in Social Mobility and National Economic Policy

I. Introduction Looting and wartime profiteering are persistent and paradoxical features of human conflict. While they represent moral and legal violations in most contexts, they also serve as engines of redistribution, innovation, and occasionally modernization. From ancient empires to contemporary … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Origin and Spread of Restaurants: A Legal, Social, and Economic Analysis

Executive Summary The modern restaurant—an establishment where meals are prepared, served, and consumed in exchange for payment—is a product of deep historical processes. Emerging in 18th-century France and spreading globally during the 19th and 20th centuries, restaurants reflect the intersection … Continue reading

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White Paper: A Typology of Failed States: Structural, Institutional, and Cultural Determinants of Collapse

Executive Summary This paper classifies failed states not merely as products of conflict or corruption but as systemic outcomes of structural, institutional, and cultural breakdowns. It identifies eight primary typologies of failure—each rooted in distinct forms of dysfunction—and explores how … Continue reading

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