Daily Archives: December 6, 2025

White Paper: The Pattern of Paired Free and Slave State Admissions (1820–1850) and the Delays It Imposed on American Statehood

Executive Summary Between 1820 and 1850, the United States Senate became the institutional battleground for maintaining a sectional equilibrium between free and slave states. This equilibrium—never formally codified but fiercely enforced through political custom—dictated that every new free state must … Continue reading

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White Paper: Layers of Epistemic Unbelief and the Conditions for Their Resolution

Executive Summary Epistemic unbelief—the refusal, inability, or resistance to accept a claim as true—does not arise from a single cause. Instead, it exists in layered forms, ranging from simple ignorance to entrenched moral rebellion. Each layer requires different corrective mechanisms; … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Contested Terrain of Tipping Culture — Existence, Spread, and the Debate Over Earned vs. Entitled Gratuities

Executive Summary Tipping has become one of the most debated features of modern service economies. Once confined largely to hospitality and personal services, tipping norms have expanded into retail, counter-service, delivery platforms, and even automated kiosks. Advocates defend tipping as … Continue reading

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White Paper: The Authority Paradox: Why Those Who Struggle to Respect Authority Often Seek Authority Themselves

Executive Summary Across institutions—families, churches, workplaces, governments—one repeatedly encounters a persistent paradox: individuals who resist, resent, or reject legitimate authority are often the very individuals who most desire to be seen as authorities themselves. They frequently fail to perceive the … Continue reading

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